So now let's move into the next phase of understanding how we tag dialogue.
There are three main ways you should tag your dialogue:
1. Dialogue Tag (said/asked primarily)
2. Action
3. Exposition/Thought
(When I refer to a "tag" I'm speaking of what we use to indicate speaker.)
All of these would work, for example.
1. (Dialogue Tag)
"This bad dialogue ends now!" Ted said.
2. (Action)
Ted slammed his fist on the table. "This bad dialogue ends now!"
3. (Thought)
"This bad dialogue ends now!" Ted wasn't sure it really would, but it was worth a try.
Action is one of the best ways to "tag" dialogue.
Using these methods is how we avoid saying "said" too much. Add variety with action and exposition, rather than using a thesaurus for the word said.
BEFORE
“Hey, Elizabeth,” I introduced.
“Hi, Olivia,” she responded back. “I trust you made it back home all right?”
“Yes, I just arrived,” I replied.
“You returned earlier than I was expecting,” she suggested. “I hear you had a bit of trouble?”
“Nothing I couldn’t handle,” I shot back.
“Didn’t find anything good, I take it?” she asked hopefully.
“No,” I sputtered. “Nothing noteworthy. I will type up my full report and send it to you by Monday.”
AFTER
“Hey, Elizabeth,” I said.
“Hi, Olivia. I trust you made it back home all right?”
“Yes, I just arrived.” I rummaged through the suitcase for something I could put away with one hand.
“You returned earlier than I was expecting.” Disappointment and curiosity coated her voice. “I hear you had a bit of trouble?”
My fingers landed on the old fabric still wrapped around the key. “Nothing I couldn’t handle.”
“Didn’t find anything good, I take it?” Elizabeth’s tone was hopeful, and for good reason. Finding something priceless and remarkable would not only be good for the university, but for herself and me, as well.
I pulled the cloth aside and picked up the key. “No,” I said. “Nothing noteworthy. I will type up my full report and send it to you by Monday.”
Okay, so now let's move on to the actual punctuation!
I'm going to start with the most BASIC rule, though of course there are more advanced dialogue techniques that might not fit this exactly.
Firstly, your punctuation for the spoken words goes INSIDE the quotations.
CORRECT
"Spoken words," she said.
"Spoken words." She pressed her lips together.
INCORRECT
"Spoken words", she said.
"Spoken words". She pressed her lips together.
Notice how in the first examples the comma or period is inside the quotations,
not on the outside. There are some RARE cases where you wouldn't put marks inside, but that's outside the scope of this lesson.
Next rule:
If using said/asked/variant (and those variants should be used sparingly and logically, as we talked about above), then you need a COMMA
inside of the quote marks NOT
a period.
CORRECT
"Spoken words," she said.
INCORRECT
"Spoken words." she said.
Next rule:
If using ACTION or Exposition (ie: not using said/asked/variant) then you want a PERIOD
on the inside.
CORRECT
"Spoken words." She
pressed her lips together.
INCORRECT
"Spoken words," She
pressed her lips together.
This may all sound complicated, but there's a trick to figuring things out.
The easiest way to make sure you're placing the correct punctuation (comma versus period) is to remove your quotation marks entirely.
If the entire piece functions as a full and complete sentence, you need a comma.
If the entire piece cannot function as a full and complete sentence and is instead two fully separate sentences - you need a period.
EXAMPLE
I'm going to be fine my words hung heavy with exhaustion.
This is clearly not a sentence that makes sense. It's two sentences. So you would need a PERIOD for the quotations.
"I'm going to be fine." My words hung heavy with exhaustion.
We should go now I said, hefting my bag up on my shoulder.
This can definitely function as a single sentence - it just needs the punctuation! So you would use a comma.
"We should go now," I said, hefting my bag up on my shoulder.
Alternately, imagine if you were narrating
people talking rather than showing it as dialogue, such as a sports announcer narrating a football game.
I can't believe it, she said.
I can't believe it. She walked away.
So think about how you would write it before the quotes, and that should make it a little easier to see when you should use a period versus a comma.